A Socialist Approach to Eco-Civilization
The relationship between humanity and nature is a basic relationship in human society. Marxism holds that human beings have to rely on nature to survive and interact with nature in their production, life and development. The Chinese civilization emphasizes that heaven, earth and humanity are an integrated whole, and that people should observe the laws of nature and take from nature at the proper time and to the proper extent.
The socialist approach to eco-civilization is rooted in traditional Chinese culture, as well as in the decades of practice of the CPC and the Chinese people. It represents their deeper understanding of the relationship between humanity and nature, as they adapt Marxism to China's realities and develop Chinese socialism.
The CPC attaches great importance to building an eco-civilization. In the course of leading the people in eliminating poverty, developing the economy, and advancing modernization in the primary stage of socialism since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, the CPC central leadership, for successive generations, have followed the laws governing human progress, borne in mind the relationship between humanity and nature, and devoted great efforts to eco-environmental protection and ecological conservation.
In the early days of the People's Republic, the CPC launched a nationwide campaign to plant trees and build water conservancy projects. After reform and opening up began, it adopted resource conservation and environmental protection as a basic national policy, initiated a legal system on eco-environmental protection, and included a strategy on sustainable development in China's long-term plan for economic and social development designed to balance economic development with the population, resources and the environment.
Environmental conservation was highlighted with relevant goals in the report to the CPC's 17th National Congress held in 2007. Since its 18th National Congress in 2012, the CPC has introduced a number of new ideas, concepts and strategies related to eco-civilization and included eco-civilization in its Five-sphere Integrated Plan and Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy. Believing that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, the CPC wrote this idea into the report to its 19th National Congress in 2017 and into the amended Constitution of the Communist Party of China.
Promoting eco-environmental progress is vital to sustaining China's development. China's modernization is characterized by harmonious coexistence of humanity with nature. In addition to creating more material and cultural wealth to meet people's increasing desire for a better life, it must also provide more quality eco-friendly goods to meet their growing demand for a beautiful environment.
To foster harmony between humanity and nature, China will act on the belief that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, continue its national policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment, and apply the principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection and letting nature restore itself. It will pursue a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards and healthy ecosystems. It will institute a sound system of institutions for building an eco-civilization, develop eco-friendly growth
models and lifestyle, adopt a holistic approach to conserving its mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, and implement the strictest possible systems for environmental protection. It will continue the Beautiful China initiative so that the people can appreciate pleasant natural landscapes, retain their love of nature, and enjoy agreeable working and living environments. In this way, China will also play its part in ensuring global ecological security.
社會(huì)主義生態(tài)文明觀
人與自然的關(guān)系是人類社會(huì)最基本的關(guān)系。馬克思主義認(rèn)為，人靠自然界生活。人類在同自然的互動(dòng)中生產(chǎn)、生活、發(fā)展。中華文明強(qiáng)調(diào)要把天地人統(tǒng)一起來，按照大自然規(guī)律活動(dòng)，取之有時(shí)，用之有度。社會(huì)主義生態(tài)文明觀的形成和發(fā)展，不僅根植于優(yōu)良的傳統(tǒng)文化，也基于中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)人民的長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐探索，是對(duì)人與自然關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)升華，是馬克思主義中國(guó)化和中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義實(shí)踐的有機(jī)融合。
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨一貫高度重視生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。新中國(guó)成立以來，中共中央歷代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體立足社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段基本國(guó)情，在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)人民擺脫貧困、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化的歷史進(jìn)程中，深刻把握人類社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律，持續(xù)關(guān)注人與自然關(guān)系，大力推進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)和生態(tài)文明建設(shè)事業(yè)：建國(guó)之初，以植樹造林、興修水利為主，開啟“綠化祖國(guó)”的偉大征程；改革開放后，確立節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的基本國(guó)策，建立生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)法律體系，將可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略納入國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同人口、資源、環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)；進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，中共十七大首次將“生態(tài)文明”寫入黨代會(huì)報(bào)告，提出了生態(tài)文明的建設(shè)目標(biāo)。中共十八大以來，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨圍繞生態(tài)文明建設(shè)提出了一系列新理念新思想新戰(zhàn)略，將生態(tài)文明建設(shè)作為統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)“五位一體”總體布局和協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局的重要內(nèi)容，將“綠水青山就是金山銀山”理念寫入中共十九大報(bào)告和《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨章程》。
生態(tài)文明建設(shè)是關(guān)系中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的根本大計(jì)。中國(guó)要建設(shè)的現(xiàn)代化是人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化，既要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更多物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富以滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的美好生活需要，也要提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品以滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的優(yōu)美生態(tài)環(huán)境需要。中國(guó)堅(jiān)持人與自然和諧共生，樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的基本國(guó)策，堅(jiān)持節(jié)約優(yōu)先、保護(hù)優(yōu)先、自然恢復(fù)為主的方針，堅(jiān)持走生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路，堅(jiān)持和完善生態(tài)文明制度體系，推動(dòng)形成綠色發(fā)展方式和生活方式，統(tǒng)籌山水林田湖草系統(tǒng)治理，實(shí)行最嚴(yán)格的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)制度，建設(shè)“望得見山、看得見水、記得住鄉(xiāng)愁”的美麗中國(guó)，為人民創(chuàng)造良好生產(chǎn)生活環(huán)境，為全球生態(tài)安全作出貢獻(xiàn)。
