最嚴格的考核評估

為確保脫貧成效經得起實踐、人民、歷史檢驗，中共中央明確要求實行最嚴格的考核評估制度。近年來，以國務院扶貧辦為核心的主要扶貧單位相繼實行了嚴格的考核制度，確保貧困人口享受到扶貧政策。尤其是在脫貧攻堅考核評估方面，開展了包括國家有關部門的考核、省際之間的交叉考核、委托科研機構進行的第三方評估考核等。

中共中央辦公廳、國務院辦公廳2016年2月印發了《省級黨委和政府扶貧開發工作成效考核辦法》，提出將考核結果作為對省級黨委、政府主要負責人和領導班子綜合考核評價的重要依據。

《辦法》旨在確保到2020年現行標準下農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困，適用于中西部22個省（自治區、直轄市）黨委和政府扶貧開發工作成效的考核。《辦法》明確，考核工作從2016年到2020年，每年開展一次，由國務院扶貧開發領導小組組織進行，具體工作由國務院扶貧辦、中央組織部牽頭，會同國務院扶貧開發領導小組成員單位組織實施。

根據《辦法》，考核內容包括：（1）減貧成效。考核貧困人口數量減少、貧困縣退出、貧困地區農村居民收入增長情況。（2）精準識別。考核貧困人口識別、退出精準度。（3）精準幫扶。考核對駐村工作隊和幫扶責任人幫扶工作的滿意度。（4）扶貧資金。依據財政專項扶貧資金績效考評辦法，重點考核各省（自治區、直轄市）扶貧資金安排、使用、監管和成效等。

考核中發現下列問題的，由國務院扶貧開發領導小組提出處理意見：未完成年度減貧計劃任務的；違反扶貧資金管理使用規定的；違反貧困縣約束規定，發生禁止作為事項的；違反貧困退出規定，弄虛作假、搞"數字脫貧"的；貧困人口識別和退出準確率、幫扶工作群眾滿意度較低的；存在紀檢、監察、審計和社會監督發現違紀違規問題的。

《辦法》明確，考核結果由國務院予以通報。對完成年度減貧計劃成效顯著的省份，給予一定獎勵。對出現前述問題的，對省級黨委、政府主要負責人進行約談，提出限期整改要求；對情節嚴重、造成不良影響的，追究相應責任。

Strictest Review and Evaluation of Poverty Elimination

China has introduced the strictest system for review and evaluation to ensure that poverty elimination policies reach the poor and the results stand the tests of practice, the people and history. Reviews conducted by government departments, cross-reviews between provinces, and third party evaluations by scientific research institutions have been carried out.

In February 2016 the central authorities issued the Methods for Evaluating the Performances of Provincial Party Committees and Governments in Poverty Alleviation and Development, making the evaluation results a major criterion for overall assessment of provincial-level leaderships.

The document applies to the 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipality in central and western China to ensure that the three goals for 2020 are fulfilled: helping all rural population living under current poverty line escape poverty, eliminating poverty in all poor countries, and eliminating overall regional poverty. The State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development is in charge of organizing annual evaluations from 2016 to 2020, which are conducted by its member units headed by the Leading Group's office and the Department of Organization under the CPC Central Committee.

According to the document, the evaluation covers the following areas: 

(1) Results of poverty reduction, reflected by a decrease in poor population, poverty elimination in poor counties, and increased incomes for rural residents in poor areas; 

(2) Precise identification of the poor population and assessment of their escape from poverty; 

(3) Precise assistance, reflected by the satisfaction of the resident work teams and staff designated for the assistance; and

(4) Assistance funds, reflected by the arrangement, usage, supervision and impact of the funds in provinces, autonomous regions and municipality.

The Leading Group will deal with the following problems: 

Failure to complete yearly poverty reduction tasks; 

Violations of relevant rules on the usage and management of relief funds; 

Violations of relevant prohibitions concerning poor counties; 

Fake poverty reduction or reduction apparent only in figures; 

Low accuracy in poverty identification and elimination;

Low satisfaction of the people assisted; and

Violations of other discipline and rules discovered by the disciplinary inspection, supervision and auditing authorities and by the public.

The results of the evaluation will be made public by the State Council. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipality will be rewarded for notably fulfilling the yearly poverty reduction plans. If the above-listed problems are found, the chief officials will be summoned and given a deadline to rectify the situation; and if there are serious problems and adverse consequences, the chief officials will be held accountable.