提高脫貧質量

脫貧攻堅規定了扶貧對象的量化脫貧標準，“一達標、兩不愁、三保障”。但是，容易被忽視的是，單純地套用脫貧標準來評價是否脫貧容易導致數字脫貧、虛假脫貧現象。脫貧質量的概念由此應運而生，其意義是讓脫貧標準回歸真正脫貧的內涵。在某種意義上，可以說脫貧質量是完整版的脫貧標準，內涵包括結果真實、穩定脫貧、效益良好和程序規范四個方面。

對此，習近平指出，脫貧既要看數量，更要看質量，不能到時候都說完成了脫貧任務，過一兩年又大規模返貧。要多管齊下提高脫貧質量，鞏固脫貧成果。要嚴把貧困退出關，嚴格執行退出的標準和程序，確保脫真貧、真脫貧。要把防止返貧擺在重要位置，適時組織對脫貧人口開展“回頭看”，對返貧人口和新發生貧困人口及時予以幫扶。要探索建立穩定脫貧長效機制，強化產業扶貧，組織消費扶貧，加大培訓力度，促進轉移就業，讓貧困群眾有穩定的工作崗位。要做好易地扶貧搬遷后續幫扶。要加強扶貧同扶志扶智相結合，讓脫貧具有可持續的內生動力。

Enhancing the Effectiveness of Poverty Elimination

China has set clear standards for poverty elimination. But if these standards are simplistically applied in evaluating the results, it may lead to fake poverty elimination or being apparent only in figures. So the effectiveness of poverty elimination must be ensured, with outcomes, stability, effects and procedures all taken into consideration.

Xi Jinping emphasizes the need for both "quality" and "quantity." It will be a failure if poverty is reportedly eliminated, but within one or two years the people return to poverty again. Progress must be demonstrable, and evaluation of the results must follow strict criteria in accordance with strict procedures.

To prevent people from returning to poverty, follow-up checks at appropriate intervals will be conducted, and timely assistance provided to those newly caught in poverty or returning to poverty. A long-term mechanism for stable poverty elimination will be built to support local business development, boost consumption of local products and services, provide training, and create stable jobs for the poor. Follow-up assistance will continue after relocation, and the poor will acquire necessary skills to escape poverty with more confidence, so that poverty elimination will be sustained through their internal impetus.