全面建成小康社會

改革開放之初，鄧小平首先用“小康”來詮釋中國式現代化，明確提出到20世紀末“在中國建立一個小康社會”的奮斗目標。在這個基礎上，中共十六大提出本世紀頭20年全面建設惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會的目標。中共十七大提出了全面建設小康社會的新要求。中共十八大對全面建設小康社會目標進行了充實和完善，將“全面建設小康社會”調整為“全面建成小康社會”。全面小康，覆蓋的領域要全面，是五位一體全面進步的小康。全面小康，覆蓋的人口要全面，是惠及全體人民的小康。全面小康，覆蓋的區域要全面，是城鄉區域共同發展的小康。全面建成小康社會，要求實事求是，因地制宜。

中共十八大以來，小康社會的內涵進一步擴展。習近平將扶貧開發與黨和政府的職責、黨的根本宗旨以及全面建成小康社會的目標要求和社會主義的本質要求相結合，深刻闡述中國現階段扶貧開發的極端重要性和緊迫性。中共十八屆五中全會明確提出，確保到2020年中國現行標準下農村貧困人口全部脫貧。中共十九大報告也對全面建成小康社會作出了明確部署。

全面建成小康社會，是“兩個一百年”奮斗目標中的第一個百年奮斗目標，是中華民族偉大復興征程上的重要里程碑，在“四個全面”戰略布局中居于引領地位。

Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects

The goal of establishing a moderately prosperous society by the end of the 20th century was raised by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the roadmap for China's modernization was being devised.

In its report to the 16th National Congress in 2002, the CPC Central Committee called for a continued push to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the first 20 years of the 21st century. New and more ambitious elements were subsequently added to this expanded concept at the Party's 17th National Congress in 2007. In its report to the 18th National Congress in 2012, the CPC Central Committee announced the goal of completing the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the year 2020.

A moderately prosperous society in all respects is one with progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and eco-environmental spheres, with all the people being covered and sharing the fruits of development, and with moderate prosperity in both urban and rural areas. In building such a society, approaches applicable to local conditions are to be taken.

Since 2012, the definition of "a moderately prosperous society" has further expanded. Xi Jinping defines poverty alleviation as the mission of the CPC and the government, and calls poverty elimination a salient requirement of socialism, thus highlighting the extreme importance and urgency of poverty alleviation in present-day China.

At its fifth plenary session held in October 2015, the 18th CPC Central Committee announced the goal of helping all rural residents living below the current poverty line out of poverty by 2020. The CPC at its 19th National Congress in 2017 set a clear goal for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This is the first of the Two Centenary Goals, and will be a milestone in the journey toward national renewal. It is the foremost element of the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy.