Family Prevention and Control
The family is the cell of society and an important place of defense against the epidemic. Among novel coronavirus cases, family infections are prominent. The gathering of people in the same space for a long time can easily cause virus spreading and result in “infection of a whole family by one confirmed member.”
The Guidebook on Public Prevention of Novel Coronavirus-infected Pneumonia issued by the NHC made the following suggestions for family members:
* Avoid visiting areas where the disease is prevalent;
* Reduce visits to crowded public places, especially places of poor ventilation;
* Do not touch, buy and eat wild animals; avoid visiting markets that sell live animals, and cook poultry, eggs and meat thoroughly;
* Keep your home clean and open windows frequently for better ventilation;
* Maintain hand hygiene;
* Wear a mask when going out;
* Keep good personal hygiene and health habits;
* Monitor health conditions of yourself and your family members;
* Keep necessary medical supplies at home, such as thermometer, disposable masks and domestic disinfectants.
The Guidance suggested that family members with suspicious symptoms should wear masks and seek prompt medical advice; when one family member is diagnosed with COVID-19, other members, if identified as close contacts, have to take medical observation for 14 consecutive days; patients and close contacts should avoid close contact with other family members who have no symptom; and the places where the family member with symptoms stays and the objects he/she frequently touches should be sterilized.
家庭防控
家庭是社會的細(xì)胞,也是抗疫情的基礎(chǔ)力量和重要防線。目前諸多新冠肺炎病例中,家庭聚集性感染的特征較為突出,這是因為多人長時間聚集在同一空間,很容易造成病毒傳播擴散,出現(xiàn)“一人感染,一家傳染”的情況。
家庭防控主要指為防止疫情擴散,以家庭為單位,在社區(qū)的指導(dǎo)下,各自做好自我管理和家庭管理。國家衛(wèi)生健康委在2020年1月27日發(fā)布的《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎防控公眾預(yù)防指南匯編》中介紹了“家庭新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎預(yù)防指南”,提供了適用于家庭場所的日常預(yù)防建議:一是避免去疾病正在流行的地區(qū);二是減少到人員密集、尤其是空氣流動性差的公共場所活動三是不要接觸、購買和使用野生動物,避免前往售賣活體動物的市場,禽肉蛋要充分煮熟后食用;四是居室保持清潔,勤開窗通風(fēng);五是隨時保持手衛(wèi)生六是外出佩戴口罩七是保持良好衛(wèi)生和健康習(xí)慣八是主動做好個人及家庭成員的健康監(jiān)測九是準(zhǔn)備常用物資,如體溫計、一次性口罩、家用消毒用品等。此外,該《指南》還對家庭成員出現(xiàn)可疑癥狀時的情況提供了防控建議,強調(diào)如家庭成員出現(xiàn)新冠肺炎可疑癥狀,應(yīng)及時佩戴口罩并就醫(yī);如家庭中有人被診斷為新冠肺炎患者,其他家庭成員如果經(jīng)判定為密切接觸者,應(yīng)接受14天醫(yī)學(xué)觀察;患者和密切接觸者應(yīng)避免與無癥狀的其他家庭成員近距離接觸;對有癥狀的家庭成員經(jīng)常接觸的地方和物品進(jìn)行消毒等。