China's long-awaited growth enterprise board, the Nasdaq-like stock exchange which will start operation May 1, will help cash-strapped small companies raise funds and facilitate restructuring amid the economic slowdown.
The new share bourse, which connects bright but money-tight companies, is a stock exchange designed for emerging companies and small businesses to raise money from the capital market.
It will be the third share bourse in China behind the bigger Shanghai and Shenzhen markets.
Companies that seek listing will be required to have net assets of at least 20 million yuan (2.94 million US dollars) and should have operated for at least three years before listing, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) said.
The CSRC will require the listing candidates to stay in the black for the two consecutive years with combined profits of at least 10 million yuan, or report revenue for the most recent year of at least 50 million yuan.
Requirements for listing on the Shanghai and Shenzhen bourses are much higher. Companies should be profitable for three straight years and make at least 30 million yuan in total profit during the past three years. The total revenue during that period should be at least 300 million yuan.
"The growth enterprise board will play an important role in stimulating private investment, advancing industry upgrading, and promoting employment. It will also allow the capital market play its fundamental role in allocating market resources in a better way," the CSRC said on its website.
"It is absolutely very good news for China's small enterprises as the board opens a new channel for financing, especially amid the economic downturn," said Pi Jianjun, board member of the Beijing-based Time Group Inc., a mid-sized company that produces testing instrument in China.
He said the company was busy preparing to be listed on the new board. He did not say how much the company intended to raise.
Small and medium-size enterprises have long been a pillar in China's economy.
Zhongguancun, where Pi's company is based, has more than 20,000 high-tech enterprises. Limited financing access has long restricted their development as Chinese banks prefer to lend to larger companies.
Data released by the high-tech enterprises in the Zhongguancun area showed only 2 percent of these enterprises' total financing came from the capital market in 2005. The rest was raised from private equities, bank loans and private lending.
Wu Xiaoqiu, a professor of finance at the Renmin University of China, said the country lacked a multi-layer capital market for companies of different scale as the country's major bourses in Shanghai and Shenzhen were designed for large companies.
Many small businesses have to look to overseas exchanges. CSRC data showed 195 enterprises from the Chinese mainland had listed on growth enterprises boards in the United States, Britain, Singapore and Hong Kong as of October 2007. Their initial public offerings (IPO) ranged from 1.8 million to 4.1 billion yuan.
The growth enterprise board in China was first proposed more than a decade ago. Since then, the proposal was refined under repeated discussions as the government remained cautious -- fearing too much volatility would expose investors to risks.
In 2004, a mini board, or a trial operation of the current growth enterprise board, was set up at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange to test the waters.
Since May 2004, some 74.3 billion yuan had been raised from the mini board IPOs, comprising 10.96 percent of the total stock market IPOs. However, that is far from enough when compared with the hefty need for money by the nation's critical small businesses.
Ronald Kent, executive vice president of the New York Stock Exchange Euronext, said that precaution was wise, since a healthy capital market was crucial for China's developing economy.
China halted new stock issues in September last year amid the capital market turmoil. Kent expected regulators to tighten requirements for listing considering the outlook in the stock market.
As long as the listed companies showed real concern for investor interests, they could successfully raise money from the stock market despite the bad economy, he said.
Zhang Yidong, chief strategic analyst with the Industrial Securities, said the time was ripe for China to launch the growth enterprise board after 11 years of preparation.
It is imperative for China to restructure its economy amid the global financial crisis. The new board could enhance innovation in small companies, which was in line with the government's macro-economic policy, he said.
However, some analysts fear the launch of the new board would divert money from the two major bourses after it starts operation in May.
"That could be a misunderstanding," said Xu Liangping, senior researcher with the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
He said only about 30 billion yuan was raised from the mini board in 2007. The new board was expected to draw less in its initial phase.
The CSRC also warned investors of the risks as the performance of those growth enterprises might not be stable. It urged listed companies to disclose information, good or bad, in a timely manner and for investors to be cautious.
(Xinhua News Agency April 1, 2009)
