The Lao She Theater Festival, an annual cultural event in Beijing, celebrates renowned Chinese playwright and novelist Lao She (1899-1966).

Named after the famous writer, whose works explore social issues in modern China with wit and humanism, the festival features performances of Lao She's plays and other contemporary theatrical works, with a highlight on the connection between theatrical productions and literary works.

On Sept 27, the eighth edition of the festival was announced at the Beijing Tianqiao Performing Arts Center. In the following three months, 35 theatrical productions will be staged in the capital with 90 performances divided into seven sections. The festival showcases a variety of theatrical performances not just by Lao She but also new plays by contemporary playwrights from China and beyond.

These productions explore themes relevant to modern audiences, including social issues, cultural identity and human nature, according to Yang Cheng, president of the Beijing Artists Management Corp, the festival organizer.

"Literature can evoke deep emotions through the reader's imagination and connection to the written word, while theater amplifies this emotional impact by presenting stories live. The immediacy and presence of actors onstage allow audiences to feel the tension, humor or sorrow in real-time, making the emotional engagement more direct," he says.

Last year, the festival commissioned director Fang Xu to adapt Lao She's classic novel Rickshaw Boy into a play. Featuring an all-male cast, the play has been staged in over 20 shows across the country. On Sunday and Monday, it was staged again at the Beijing Tianqiao Performing Arts Center.

Fang says that while literature is often the product of a single author's vision, theatrical productions are highly collaborative. The process of staging a play involves writers, directors, actors, set designers and more, contributing their skills to interpret the original text. This collaboration can lead to multiple layers of meaning beyond what is present in the original literary work.

This year, the festival announced its second commission for the event. Chinese director Zhang Xiao will adapt Chinese writer Du Liang's popular novel Peking in Flames into a play, which will premiere on Dec 12 with shows running till Dec 15.

The novel is a historical drama set in Beijing (formerly Beiping) during the late stages of the War of Liberation (1946-49), specifically in 1948, just before the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The novel was turned into a hit TV drama in 2009 featuring actor Liu Peiqi playing the lead role of Wen San'er, who makes a living by pulling a rickshaw and is depicted as clever, street-smart and knows how to navigate the complex political landscape of Beiping.

"The novel focuses on the lives of various characters from different social classes caught up in the political and military struggles of the time. Du Liang is known for his detailed and immersive storytelling, bringing historical events to life with rich characterizations and dramatic tension," says Zhang. "The writer uses the setting of Beiping to symbolize the broader transformation of Chinese society during this period. The character Wen San'er is vivid and, despite his petty, streetwise demeanor, possesses a trait that shines brightly. This trait carries a resilient vitality."

On Dec 7 and 8, the festival will stage The Family by the Jiangsu Performing Arts Group adapted from Chinese writer Ba Jin's novel of the same title. Depicting the oppressive effect of traditional feudal families upon younger generations, the novel is Ba Jin's most famous and influential work, which has been adapted into different art forms.

Over the years, the Lao She Theater Festival has expanded to include collaborations with international theater groups, bringing diverse theatrical styles and influences to the event. This has helped position it as a platform for cross-cultural exchange.

The Armazem Theatre Company from Brazil will debut in Beijing by staging its production Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas from Oct 31 to Nov 3. Adapted from the book by Brazil's celebrated writer Machado de Assis, the production, directed by Paulo de Moraes, sold out when it was staged during the 10th edition of the Wuzhen Theater Festival — an annual theater event in the ancient water town of Wuzhen, Zhejiang province.

The Song of the Goat Theatre from Poland will return with its theatrical experiment Hamlet — A Commentary, featuring actors interpreting the characters, events and emotions through sounds. The text is given a melody and the dialogue is presented as musical harmonies. The words and music reflect the characters' and family's emotions. In 2019, the theater company staged its production Songs of Lear, an interpretation of Shakespeare's tragedy King Lear, during the third edition of the Lao She Theater Festival.

Other highlights of the ongoing festival will include a new section for dance productions. Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan will present the dance drama Tian Gong Kai Wu, or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature, inspired by the science classic of the same title by Song Yingxing, a scientist who lived in the late Ming (1368-1644) and early Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. First published in 1637, the book offers a summary of ancient China's manufacturing and farming techniques, earning recognition as an encyclopedia of science and technology. The eponymous drama, coproduced by the Jiangxi Cultural Performance Group and the Beijing Dance Academy, revolves around Song's quest, portraying his journey to gather the techniques and tools and emphasizing the craftsmanship of ancient Chinese laborers.

Since its launch in 2017, the festival has supported young theater lovers from various universities. Eighteen theatrical productions by students of Chinese universities will be staged during the festival, selected among 60 productions from 33 universities.